Varicose veins are enlarged, twisted veins that form when blood pools inside faulty veins. While many people treat them as a cosmetic issue, severe varicose veins can burst, leading to sudden bleeding and medical emergencies. Understanding why varicose veins burst, what symptoms to watch for, and how to respond can prevent serious complications.
A vein “bursting” occurs when pressure builds inside a weakened varicose vein until the vein wall tears. This can cause external bleeding through the skin or internal bleeding under the skin.
Varicose vein bursting is more common in the legs, especially around the ankles and lower calf, where vein pressure is highest.
People with varicose veins already have weak vein valves. Standing or sitting too long increases pressure inside the veins, causing them to swell and eventually rupture.
A minor bump, scratch, or even rubbing the skin can cause a varicose vein to burst because the overlying skin becomes thin and fragile.
Untreated varicose veins cause discoloration, dryness, and thinning of the skin. Over time, the skin can crack, making it easier for veins to bleed.
Increased pressure pushes weakened veins beyond their capacity, making rupture more likely.
With age, veins lose elasticity and strength, increasing the risk of bursting.
Chronic venous insufficiency can create ulcers. When these ulcers tear open, the underlying varicose vein may bleed heavily.
Watch out for these warning signs:
Skin Changes
Vein Symptoms
Pre-Burst Signs
If you notice these symptoms, seek evaluation before a rupture occurs.
A burst varicose vein can cause two types of bleeding:
1. External Bleeding
External bleeding from a varicose vein can be life-threatening if not controlled quickly.
2. Internal Bleeding
This kind of bleeding also requires urgent care.
Step 1: Lie Down Immediately
Raise your leg above heart level. This reduces venous pressure and slows bleeding.
Step 2: Apply Firm Pressure
Use a clean cloth or bandage and press firmly on the bleeding spot.
Step 3: Do NOT Stand or Walk
This can increase bleeding again.
Step 4: Seek Medical Help Immediately
A burst vein is a medical emergency and requires professional treatment to prevent recurrence.
Call your nearest vascular specialist or emergency service right away.
Treatment depends on severity:
1. Stopping the Bleeding
2. Identifying Damaged Veins
Doctors use Doppler ultrasound to locate faulty veins.
3. Definitive Treatment
To prevent future bursts:
These procedures close diseased veins and restore healthy blood flow.
Wear compression stockings
Avoid standing for long hours
Seek urgent medical help if you experience:
Sudden bleeding from the leg
A burst vein is a warning sign of advanced venous disease—do not ignore it.
Varicose veins may seem harmless at first, but over time they can weaken and burst, causing dangerous bleeding. Knowing the symptoms, causes, and emergency steps can save your life. Early diagnosis and treatment by a vascular specialist can prevent complications and restore healthy circulation.
